How To Wrap Arborvitae For Winter – A Pro’S Guide To Protecting
To protect arborvitae from winter damage, wrap them with burlap or specialized tree wrap starting in late fall, before the ground freezes solid. Secure the wrapping material firmly but not too tightly with twine, ensuring air circulation to prevent fungal issues. This safeguards against desiccation, winter burn, heavy snow accumulation, and deer browse.
Remove the protective covering in early spring once the threat of harsh weather has passed, typically after the last hard frost, to allow the plant to breathe and begin its new growth cycle.
Winter can be a beautiful season, transforming our landscapes with a blanket of snow and crisp air. However, for many beloved evergreen shrubs like arborvitae, these picturesque conditions can pose significant threats. Freezing winds, heavy snow loads, and hungry deer can quickly turn your vibrant green hedges into damaged, unsightly specimens.
Don’t let winter woes diminish the beauty of your garden. With a little preparation and the right techniques, you can ensure your arborvitae not only survive but thrive through the colder months. Protecting these valuable plants is simpler than you might think, and it’s a proactive step every homeowner should consider.
This guide will walk you through everything you need to know about how to wrap arborvitae for winter. We’ll cover the ‘why,’ ‘when,’ and ‘how,’ equipping you with the expert knowledge to safeguard your evergreens and maintain their lush, healthy appearance year after year.
Why Winter Protection is Essential for Arborvitae
Arborvitae, particularly popular varieties like ‘Emerald Green’ or ‘Green Giant’, are generally hardy. Yet, they face specific challenges during winter that can lead to significant damage. Understanding these threats helps underscore the importance of proper winterization.
Combating Winter Burn and Desiccation
Winter burn is a common problem for evergreens. It occurs when cold, drying winds strip moisture from the foliage faster than the plant’s frozen roots can replenish it. The result is browning and scorching, especially on the exposed sides of the plant.
Desiccation, or extreme drying out, exacerbates this issue. Evergreen needles continue to transpire (lose water) even in winter. Without adequate soil moisture and protection from harsh winds, they simply dry up.
Preventing Snow and Ice Damage
Heavy snow and ice accumulation can weigh down arborvitae branches. The dense, upright growth habit of many arborvitae cultivars makes them particularly susceptible to splaying open or snapping under the weight. This can permanently disfigure the plant.
Even lighter snow can cause branches to bend awkwardly, leading to structural damage over time. Protecting them prevents costly repairs or replacements in the spring.
Deterring Deer and Other Pests
When natural food sources become scarce in winter, deer often turn to garden plants. Arborvitae is a prime target for deer browse, which can strip foliage and damage branches. Young plants are especially vulnerable.
Wrapping your arborvitae creates a physical barrier, making it much harder for deer to access and feed on the foliage. This simple step can save your plants from extensive damage.
When to Wrap Arborvitae for Winter
Timing is crucial when it comes to winter protection. Wrapping too early can create a warm, moist environment conducive to fungal growth, while wrapping too late leaves your plants vulnerable to early frosts.
The Optimal Window for Protection
The best time to wrap your arborvitae is in late fall or early winter. Wait until after the ground has frozen solid but before consistent hard freezes and heavy snowfalls begin. This typically means late November through early December in many temperate climates.
A good rule of thumb is to wait until the deciduous trees have lost all their leaves. This indicates that the plant has entered its dormant phase.
Monitoring Weather Conditions
Always keep an eye on your local weather forecast. If an unexpected cold snap or heavy snowfall is predicted, it’s better to wrap a little early than to risk damage. Prioritize protecting younger, more vulnerable plants first.
Ensure the soil is adequately moist before the ground freezes. A good deep watering in late fall helps the roots store moisture, reducing the risk of desiccation.
Choosing the Right Materials for Wrapping
Selecting appropriate materials is key to effective and safe winter protection. Not all materials are created equal, and some can do more harm than good.
Burlap: The Classic Choice
Burlap is widely considered the best material for wrapping arborvitae. It’s breathable, allowing air circulation while still providing protection from wind and sun. This breathability helps prevent heat buildup and fungal diseases.
Look for natural, unbleached burlap. Synthetic burlap might not offer the same breathability.
Specialized Tree Wrap and Frost Cloth
Garden centers often sell specialized tree wrap or frost cloth. These materials are designed for plant protection and are typically breathable and durable. They can be a good alternative to burlap, especially for smaller plants or specific needs.
Ensure any chosen material is permeable to air and moisture. Avoid using plastic sheeting, which traps moisture and can cause plants to ‘sweat,’ leading to rot and disease.
Stakes, Twine, and Fasteners
You’ll need sturdy stakes (wooden or metal), strong garden twine, and potentially zip ties or staples to secure your wrapping. Choose materials that can withstand winter winds and remain intact throughout the season.
Always use twine that is gentle on bark and branches, such as natural jute or soft synthetic garden twine. Avoid thin, sharp wires that can cut into the plant.
Step-by-Step: How to Wrap Arborvitae for Winter
Properly wrapping your arborvitae involves a few key steps. Follow these instructions carefully to provide optimal protection.
1. Prepare Your Arborvitae
Before you begin wrapping, ensure your arborvitae is ready for winter. This involves a few crucial preparatory steps.
Give your plants a deep watering in late fall, especially if rainfall has been scarce. This ensures the roots have ample moisture before the ground freezes solid.
Apply a 2-4 inch layer of organic mulch, such as wood chips or shredded bark, around the base of the plant. This insulates the soil and helps retain moisture.
2. Gently Tie Branches Together (Optional but Recommended)
For taller or wider arborvitae, especially those prone to splaying, gently tie the branches inward. Use soft garden twine and start from the bottom, spiraling upwards.
Do not tie too tightly; the goal is to gently compress the plant, not to strangle it. This reduces the surface area exposed to wind and helps prevent snow damage.
3. Construct a Support Structure (For Heavy Snow Areas)
In areas with heavy snowfall, a simple support structure can be invaluable. Drive 3-4 sturdy stakes into the ground around the perimeter of the arborvitae. Ensure they are taller than the plant itself.
This framework will bear the brunt of heavy snow, preventing it from crushing the wrapped plant directly. It also creates an air gap between the wrap and the foliage.
4. Begin the Wrapping Process
Now, you are ready to apply the protective wrap. There are a couple of common methods, depending on the size and shape of your arborvitae.
For individual plants or smaller hedges, start by wrapping burlap or frost cloth around the base of the plant. Overlap the edges slightly and secure with twine or staples.
Continue spiraling the material upwards, overlapping each layer by a few inches. Ensure the entire plant, from base to tip, is covered.
5. Secure the Wrapping Material
Once the plant is fully covered, secure the burlap or frost cloth firmly with garden twine. Start at the bottom and spiral the twine upwards, tying it off at the top.
Make sure the wrapping is taut enough to withstand wind, but not so tight that it compresses the foliage excessively. If you used stakes, tie the burlap to the stakes to create a sturdy enclosure.
6. Consider an Anti-Desiccant Spray (Optional)
For an extra layer of protection, particularly against winter burn, you can apply an anti-desiccant spray. These products create a clear, protective coating on the foliage, reducing moisture loss.
Apply anti-desiccants on a mild, dry day before temperatures drop significantly. Follow product instructions carefully for best results.
Alternative Protection Methods
While wrapping is highly effective, other methods can complement or substitute for wrapping in specific situations.
Snow Fences and Windbreaks
If your arborvitae are exposed to prevailing winter winds, installing a temporary snow fence or a more permanent windbreak can significantly reduce stress. These structures deflect harsh winds, minimizing desiccation.
Position snow fences on the windward side of your plants. This strategy is particularly useful for long hedges or rows of arborvitae.
Tree Shelters and Cones
For very young or smaller arborvitae, pre-made tree shelters or plastic cones can offer excellent protection. These are easy to install and provide a rigid barrier against wind, snow, and deer.
Ensure these shelters still allow for some air circulation to prevent overheating on sunny winter days.
Strategic Planting and Cultivar Selection
The best defense is often a good offense. Plant arborvitae in locations sheltered from harsh winter winds, such as on the east or north side of your home.
Choose arborvitae cultivars known for their cold hardiness and resistance to winter burn in your specific USDA plant hardiness zone. ‘Green Giant’ is often more resilient than ‘Emerald Green’ in very exposed locations.
Unwrapping Arborvitae in Spring
Just as important as wrapping is knowing when and how to safely remove the winter protection. Premature removal can expose plants to late frosts, while leaving it on too long can cause damage.
The Right Time for Removal
Wait until the threat of hard freezes has passed, and consistent daytime temperatures are above freezing. This usually means mid-to-late spring, after the last expected hard frost for your region.
Look for signs of new growth beginning on deciduous trees and shrubs as an indicator. Be patient; a sudden cold snap can still occur.
Careful Unwrapping Techniques
Remove the wrapping gently. Start from the top and carefully untie or cut the twine. Unroll the burlap or remove the stakes and structure.
Inspect your arborvitae for any signs of damage, disease, or pest activity. Address any issues promptly to ensure a healthy start to the growing season.
Post-Unwrapping Care
After unwrapping, give your arborvitae a good deep watering, especially if the winter was dry. Consider a light, balanced slow-release fertilizer if your soil needs a boost, but avoid heavy feeding early in the season.
Prune any dead, broken, or severely damaged branches. This encourages new, healthy growth and maintains the plant’s shape.
Year-Round Arborvitae Care for Winter Resilience
A healthy plant is a resilient plant. Implementing good care practices throughout the year will significantly improve your arborvitae’s ability to withstand winter stress.
Proper Watering Practices
Consistent and adequate watering is crucial, especially during dry spells in summer and fall. Well-hydrated plants are better equipped to handle winter desiccation.
Check soil moisture regularly. Aim for about 1 inch of water per week, either from rain or irrigation, during the growing season.
Fertilization and Soil Health
Healthy soil provides the nutrients your arborvitae needs. Conduct a soil test every few years to determine nutrient deficiencies and pH levels.
Fertilize with a balanced, slow-release evergreen fertilizer (e.g., 10-10-10 or similar) in early spring or late fall. Avoid over-fertilizing, which can promote tender new growth vulnerable to early frosts.
Pruning for Structure and Health
Prune arborvitae in late winter or early spring before new growth begins. Remove any dead, diseased, or crossing branches.
Light shaping and shearing can be done in early summer. Proper pruning maintains good air circulation within the plant, reducing disease risk and strengthening its structure against snow loads.
Pest and Disease Management
Regularly inspect your arborvitae for signs of pests like spider mites or bagworms, and diseases such as fungal blights. Addressing these issues early prevents them from weakening the plant, making it more susceptible to winter damage.
Use appropriate organic or chemical controls as needed, always following product instructions for safety and efficacy.
Frequently Asked Questions About Winterizing Arborvitae
Got more questions about preparing your arborvitae for the cold months? Here are some common queries.
Should I wrap my arborvitae every winter?
It depends on your climate and the plant’s exposure. If you experience harsh winds, heavy snowfall, or have young/recently planted arborvitae, wrapping is highly recommended. Mature, well-established plants in sheltered locations might not need it every year.
Can I use plastic sheeting instead of burlap?
No, avoid plastic sheeting. It traps moisture, prevents air circulation, and can lead to fungal diseases and rot. Burlap or breathable frost cloth is essential for proper plant health during winter protection.
Will wrapping my arborvitae harm it?
When done correctly with breathable materials and not too tightly, wrapping will not harm your arborvitae. In fact, it protects it from significant winter damage. Leaving it on too long in spring, however, can cause issues.
What if I have too many arborvitae to wrap individually?
For long hedges, consider building a continuous burlap screen supported by stakes along the windward side. For large, mature specimens, focus on tying branches inward and ensuring good hydration and mulching, as full wrapping might be impractical.
When is the earliest I can unwrap my arborvitae?
Wait until after your region’s average last hard frost date. While a warm spell might tempt you, a sudden return to freezing temperatures can shock and damage the newly exposed foliage. Patience is key.
Conclusion
Protecting your arborvitae from winter’s harsh realities is a proactive step that pays dividends in spring. By understanding the threats of winter burn, desiccation, snow damage, and deer browse, you can take informed action. Knowing how to wrap arborvitae for winter using the right materials and techniques ensures your evergreens emerge vibrant and healthy.
Remember, a little effort in late fall goes a long way in preserving the beauty and health of your landscape. With these expert tips, you’re well-equipped to provide your arborvitae with the care they need to flourish year after year. Happy gardening!
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